Industry Sectors

Financial Services

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Industry Summary

The financial services are an all-encompassing industry that you can get into at any age, whether you have no GCSEs, or you’ve got a degree – there are opportunities available at any level. Qualifications in the financial services industry aren’t always a must, however, the biggest accounting firms may expect them. Often, knowledge of the finance industry and current affairs is very beneficial.

The financial services incorporate a number of different roles, but, the main objective of the industry it to help clients shape their businesses and execute strategies. From identifying and mitigating risks, looking into financial crime to investment banking and insurance firms, there really is a huge wealth of opportunities to get yourself involved in.

 

What options can I take for a career in financial services?

 

Work Experience

The financial services industry is one that is very competitive and has many different aspects that make it a diverse and interesting environment to be in. For this reason, a financial services work placement is almost essential to your success in the industry. Many of the biggest financial players across the UK offer work placements that will help you stand out from the crowd and develop your CV. It will give you the experience of working alongside professionals in an industry that interests you, and help you gain an idea of the role you would like to begin your career in.

Unsure about what a work placement could involve? You should’ve asked!

 

Apprenticeships

Apprenticeships in the financial services are becoming more popular as they are seen as the ideal combination of experience and qualifications, and for many financial employers, both are crucial. Apprenticeships allow this combination to happen. In fact, you could become a qualified accountant more quickly through an apprenticeship than by going to university!

As a financial apprentice, you’ll be working with an employer and have real levels of responsibility, perhaps even managing accounts once you gain some experience, and learning the skills of the trade from your expert colleagues. You’ll also be paid to study for 20% of your week, where you’ll study for the qualifications that relate directly to your role. A financial services apprenticeship could be perfectly suited for you if you wish to learn the skills of the job first-hand but also gain an understanding of the theory in an academic context. Here are some financial services apprenticeships that are available to you:

  • Level 2 – Credit Controller/Collector
  • Level 3 – Assistant Accountant
  • Level 3 – Financial Services Administrator
  • Level 3 – Mortgage Adviser
  • Level 3 – Advanced Credit Controller
  • Level 3 – Debt Collection Specialist
  • Level 4 – Financial Adviser
  • Level 4 – Insurance Professional
  • Level 6 – Financial Services Professional
  • Level 6 – Relationship Manager (Banking)

Want to know what apprenticeships are all about? We have you covered!

 

Degree Apprenticeships

Degree apprenticeships are quickly becoming an option that is in high demand across the financial services sector. They’ll give you the opportunity to work with an employer and learn on the job while you study towards a degree. Though your academic studies will still be heavily weighted, you will gain the opportunity to apply what you’ve learnt at university to your job and further advance your understanding of the subject.

You may even be given entire projects or responsibilities that will quickly develop over your course as you start to learn even more, you’ll also have a mentor who’ll be able to support you both at work and in your studying. Financial Degree Apprenticeships are available across the UK and even more are in development.

  • Level 6 – Professional Economist (degree)

Is a degree apprenticeship up your street? We’ll help you know!

 

University

If you feel you have an academic and analytical mind, applying for a financial services degree at university may be the perfect fit for you. At university, you’ll spend a majority of your time in lectures and seminars learning the academic theory behind the industry which you’ll be able to apply to your career when you graduate. Many universities also combine assessments and units with the business side too – allowing you a chance to combine both aspects of your apprenticeship.

If you’re unsure of what area of the financial services you’re interested in you will be given a good overview of the sector in your first year, and later you’ll be able to specialise your learning by choosing what units you wish to study in more depth. Whether you’re interested in more practical roles or not, it is recommended that you look at degree courses that offer industrial placements or years in industry, so you get an understanding of what it’s like from the inside and impress potential employers.

  • Finance & Accounting for Financial Services BSc (Hons)
  • Financial Services BA (Hons)
  • Business with Financial Services BA (Hons)
  • Business and Finance BA (Hons)
  • Accounting and Finance BSc (Hons)

Want to find out what University could offer you? We have your back!

 

Graduate Jobs

Hundreds of graduate opportunities are available in the UK in the financial service industry. Most financial service organisations now expect potential recruits to have their degree before offering them a graduate role or to be put onto a scheme. Though you may not be required to have a Maths or Accounting degree, you may still need to undergo further training or obtain the necessary qualifications before being given permanent roles. These schemes will give you the experience and skills within the financial service industry to make the most of your career.

Want to know what graduate jobs are all about? We can help!

 

Other routes

The beauty of the financial industry is that you can go straight into a role from school, college or university, or even later in life as a career change. Many people in the industry start at a younger age and work their way up through an organisation due to the opportunities for progression – promotions and responsibility are granted on a regular basis to those who demonstrate dedication and skill.





Start your search for your career in financial services.

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Work Description

Financial managers and directors plan, organise, direct and co-ordinate financial information and advise on company financial policy.

Qualification

There are no pre-set entry standards, although entry is most common with a relevant degree or equivalent qualification. Professional qualifications are available and are required for certain posts.

Job Tasks

participates in the formulation of strategic and long-term business plans, assesses the implications for the organisation financial mechanisms and oversees their implementation; plans external and internal audit programmes, arranges for the collection and analysis of accounting, budgetary and related information, and manages the company’s financial systems; determines staffing levels appropriate for accounting activities; assesses and advises on factors affecting business performance.

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ACIS Banker, international Banker, investment Banker, merchant Banker Chamberlain, burgh Chamberlain, city Director, finance Director, financial Director and Secretary Director of finance FCIS Manager, assessment, credit Manager, branch Manager, branch Manager, collateral Manager, development, agency Manager, exchange, foreign Manager, finance Manager, financial Manager, market, money Manager, markets Manager, operations Manager, planning, capital Manager, practice, insolvency Manager, purchase, hire Manager, systems, financial Manager, treasury Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Officer, operating, chief Principal Registrar, company Registrar Registrar of stock Registrar of stocks and bonds Secretary, company Secretary and company director Secretary and legal adviser Secretary of health authority Secretary of health board Secretary-accountant Secretary-director Treasurer, company Treasurer, county Treasurer 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Financial institution managers and directors plan, organise, direct and co-ordinate the activities and resources of banks, building societies, insurance companies and post offices.

Qualification

Entry is possible with A levels/H grades, S/NVQ levels 4 and 5, a degree or equivalent qualification. Those with higher qualifications obtain accelerated training. Internal promotion to management is also possible. On-the-job training is provided. Professional qualifications are available and often mandatory.

Job Tasks

plans, organises, directs and co-ordinates the activities of financial institutions; verifies that accounting, recording and information storage and retrieval procedures are adhered to; authorises loans and mortgages in accordance with bank or building society policy; promotes financial services, establishes contact with the local business community and professional firms; preparing general reports and briefs on more complex cases for senior management; ensures compliance with the statutory regulatory framework.

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Banker, business Banker Director, bank Head of lending Manager, bank Manager, banking Manager, branch Manager, branch Manager, branch Manager, branch Manager, broking Manager, card, credit Manager, collection Manager, collections Manager, company, insurance Manager, corporate Manager, corporate Manager, cost Manager, costing Manager, district Manager, divisional Manager, equity Manager, fund, pension Manager, insurance Manager, lending Manager, market, mortgages Manager, mortgage Manager, office, post Manager, operations, bank Manager, operations Manager, operations Manager, sales Manager, sales Manager, settlements Manager, society, building Manager, society, friendly Manager, technical Manager, technical Manager, technical Manager, transaction Manager, unit, mortgage Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager Officer, operating, chief Officer, operating, chief Owner 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Estimators, valuers and assessors plan and undertake the calculation of probable costs of civil, mechanical, electrical, electronic and other projects, estimate the value of property and chattels, and investigate insurance claims to assess their validity and to assign liability.

Qualification

Entry is possible with a variety of academic qualifications. Entrants typically possess GCSEs/S grades, A levels/H grades, GNVQs/GSVQs or BTEC/SQA awards. Professional qualifications are available and may be required by some employers.

Job Tasks

examines plans, drawings, specifications, parts lists, etc. and specifies the materials and components required; assesses condition, location, desirability and amenities of property to be valued; assesses costs of materials, labour and other factors such as required profit margins, transport costs, tariffs and fare structures, possible hazards, etc.; prepares comprehensive estimates of time and costs and presents these in report or tender form; examines insurance documents to assess extent of liability and gathers information about incident from police, medical records, ship’s log, etc. and investigates potential fraudulent claims.

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Adjudicator, claims Adjudicator Adjuster, average Adjuster, claims Adjuster, loss Adviser, energy Analyst, scoring, credit Appraiser and valuer Arbitrator Assessor, claims Assessor, damage, vehicle Assessor, energy Assessor, HIP Assessor, insurance Assessor Consultant, claims Controller, claims, insurance Designer, systems, fire Engineer, assessing Engineer, cost Engineer, costing Engineer, estimating Engineer, inspection Engineer, insurance Engineer, staff Engineer-estimator Engineer-surveyor Estimator, building Estimator, chief Estimator, cost Estimator, mechanical Estimator, planning Estimator, print Estimator, printing Estimator, sales Estimator, technical Estimator Estimator-engineer Examiner Executive, claims Expert, art Handler, case, PPI Inspector, claims Inspector, home Investigator, claims Investigator, insurance Manager, cost Manager, costing Manager, valuation Negotiator, claims Negotiator Officer, claims Officer, costs, technical Officer, rates and charges Officer, rating Officer, rating and valuation Officer, rent Officer, valuation Official, claims, marine Planner-estimator Referencer, valuation Representative, claims, insurance Settler, claims, insurance Superintendent, branch Superintendent, claims Superintendent, district Superintendent, fire Superintendent, insurance Superintendent, motor Superintendent Surveyor, boiler and engine Surveyor, engineering Surveyor, fire Surveyor, insulation Surveyor, insurance Surveyor, marine Surveyor, nautical Surveyor, naval Surveyor, rating Surveyor, valuation Surveyor, window Surveyor Surveyor Surveyor and valuer Technician, valuation Valuer Valuer and auctioneer 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Brokers deal in commodities, stocks, shares and foreign exchange on behalf of clients or on own account, broker insurance and reinsurance, and buy and sell shipping and freight space.

Qualification

There are no formal academic requirements although many employers require entrants to possess a degree or equivalent qualification. Training is typically undertaken in-house, although entrants may attend courses run by professional institutions. Registration with a regulatory authority may be required in some positions.

Job Tasks

advises client on the suitability of particular insurance schemes and places insurance on behalf of client; discusses buying and or selling requirements of client and gives advice accordingly; analyses information concerning market trends for commodities, financial assets and foreign exchange and advises client and employer on the suitability of a particular investment; records and transmits buy and sell orders for stocks, shares and bonds and calculates transaction costs; provides independent advice on the suitability of insurance schemes and places insurance on behalf of client; arranges for the production of auction catalogues, fixes reserve prices, attends auction and bids on behalf of client, or negotiates purchase/sale by private treaty of goods not sold at auction; obtains cargo space, fixes freight charges and signs and issues bills of loading; collects freight charges from client and undertakes all necessary formalities concerning customs and the loading/unloading of cargo.

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Administrator, investment Administrator, swaps Agent, Lloyd's Agent, metal Arbitragist Associate, securities Broker, air Broker, bill Broker, bullion Broker, business Broker, commodities Broker, commodity Broker, diamond Broker, discount Broker, exchange, foreign Broker, exchange Broker, financial Broker, insurance Broker, investment Broker, jewel Broker, licensed Broker, Lloyd's Broker, marine Broker, money Broker, mortgage Broker, produce Broker, share Broker, ship Broker, stock Broker, stock and share Broker, tea Broker, yacht Broker Broker Broker Broker Broker Broker Consultant, commodity Dealer, bond Dealer, exchange, foreign Dealer, investment Dealer, money Dealer, share Dealer, stock and share Dealer Executive, trading, commodities Jobber, stock Jobber, stock and share Keeper, position Member of the Stock Exchange Salesman Shipbroker Stockbroker Supervisor, swaps Trader, bond Trader, commodity Trader, derivatives Trader, equity Trader, exchange, foreign Trader, financial Trader, futures Trader, market, money Trader, options Trader, securities Trader, stock Trader Trader 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Insurance underwriters identify and measure the risks associated with an activity, determine whether this risk is insurable and issue insurance polices which provide financial compensation in the event of loss.

Qualification

There are no formal academic requirements, although many employers expect entrants to study for and attain the associateship examinations of the Chartered Insurance Institute. Entrants to professional examinations usually require GCSEs/S grades and A levels/H grades, an Advanced GNVQ/GSVQ Level III, or a BTEC/SQA award.

Job Tasks

receives and assesses proposals and propositions for insurance from brokers and clients; identifies and evaluates the risks associated with a proposal; liaises with insurance surveyors, actuaries and risk managers where the risks associated with a proposal are not clear; calculates premiums, provides quotations and, if acceptable to the client, issues policies; ensures that the insurance policy clearly defines the liabilities accepted and any exceptions or exclusions; negotiates terms of reinsurance contracts.

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Agent, underwriter's Controller, underwriting, insurance Executive, underwriting Handler, account, insurance Handler, account Handler, accounts Handler, insurance Inspector, business, new Inspector, chief Inspector, district Inspector, insurance Inspector, life Inspector Leader, team Member of Lloyds Underwriter, commercial Underwriter, insurance Underwriter, medical Underwriter, mortgage Underwriter 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Job holders in this unit group advise customers, who may be individuals, companies or specialist groups, on the purchase of investments, insurance, mortgages, pensions and other financial services and products.

Qualification

There are no formal academic requirements although entrants usually possess GCSEs/S grades and a degree in a relevant subject is sometimes required. Training may be undertaken in-house or entrants may attend courses run by professional institutions. Registration with a regulatory authority is required in some positions.

Job Tasks

predicts the likely long- and short-term future performance of securities and other financial products and advises upon what will be an appropriate investment for their clients; analyses the financial position of clients, taking into account outgoings, dependants and commitments; advises on the relative merits of pension schemes, insurance policies and mortgages that best meet the needs of clients given their personal circumstances; monitors information on the socio-economic environment and interprets the implications of such information for their clients; prepares summary reports of findings for fund managers; keeps up to date with financial products, legislation and requirements for compliance with the relevant regulatory authority; identifies and attracts new clients by arranging visits and explaining the benefits of financial products.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Taxation experts advise on tax matters and assess tax liabilities.

Qualification

Entry is possible with GCSEs/S grades or a BTEC/ SQA award, although many entrants possess a degree or equivalent qualification. A professional qualification is required in either accountancy or taxation. Training is undertaken on-the-job and usually takes approximately four years to complete.

Job Tasks

examines accounts of industrial, commercial and other establishments to determine their tax liability and makes adjustments to claims where necessary; considers particular problems concerning all forms of personal and company taxation; stays abreast of all changes in tax law and precedent; discusses disputed cases with accountants and other specialists; represents Government, client or employer in contested claims before tax officials or an independent tribunal.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Financial and accounting technicians work alongside accountants and other financial professionals in managing the financial affairs of organisations.

Qualification

There are no formal academic requirements. Professional qualifications are available from the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and the Association of Accounting Technicians. These qualifications can be linked to NVQs/SVQs in Accounting at Levels 2, 3 and 4. Exemptions to professional examinations may be granted to those with certain academic qualifications.

Job Tasks

maintains profit and loss accounts, budgets, cash flow forecasts and other accounting records; produces, collates and reports financial information for managers; liaises with clients to ensure that payments are made on time and credit limits are not exceeded; ensures invoices and payments are correct and sent out on time; monitors accounting systems to determine accounts are being maintained effectively and provides information on accounting practices to auditors.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Job holders in this unit group manage client accounts or departments within financial institutions (such as banks and insurance companies) or manage a variety of financial accounts within other organisations.

Qualification

There are no formal academic requirements although professional qualifications in accountancy may be required by some employers. These qualifications can be linked to NVQs/SVQs in Accounting at Levels 2, 3 and 4, and apprenticeships may be available in some areas.

Job Tasks

develops and manages business accounts to increase sales of financial products; takes responsibility for the efficient and effective operation of several business accounts; manages teams handling insurance claims; checks customers’ credit rating with banks and credit reference agencies, and decides whether to offer credit; establishes terms of credit and ensures timely payment by customer, renegotiates payment terms and initiates legal action to recover debts if necessary; carries out and/or supervises general accounting and administrative work.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Book-keepers, payroll managers and wages clerks maintain and balance records of financial transactions, oversee the operation of payroll functions and calculate hours worked, wages due and other relevant contributions and deductions.

Qualification

There are no minimum academic requirements, although entrants typically possess GCSEs/S grades or equivalent qualifications, and maths may be required. Training is typically provided on-the-job. NVQs/SVQs in relevant areas are available, and apprenticeships may be available in some areas.

Job Tasks

records and checks accuracy of daily financial transactions; prepares provisional balances and reconciles these with appropriate accounts; supervises payroll team and develops payroll systems and procedures; calculates and records hours worked, wages due, deductions and voluntary contributions; processes holiday, sick and maternity pay and travel and subsistence expenses; compiles schedules and distributes or arranges distribution of wages and salaries; calculates costs and overheads and prepares analyses for management.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Finance officers oversee book-keeping, general accounting and other financial and related clerical functions mainly within local government and a variety of public sector organisations.

Qualification

Entrants will normally possess GCSEs/S grades (including maths), a finance-related qualification at an appropriate level and have relevant work experience.

Job Tasks

oversees the recording and checking of daily financial transactions, the preparation of provisional balances and reconciliation of accounts; prepares or arranges the preparation of financial reports for managers; plans work schedules and assigns tasks to financial clerks; coordinates the activities and resources of finance departments.

Related Jobs

Officer, finance, deputy Officer, finance, regional Officer, finance Officer, financial 

Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

Work Description

Job holders in this unit group carry out a variety of finance-related administrative functions not elsewhere classified in MINOR GROUP 412: Administrative Occupations: Finance.

Qualification

There are no formal entry requirements although some employers may require GCSEs/S grades (including maths) and/or a relevant vocational qualification at an appropriate level.

Job Tasks

receives and pays out cash to customers in non-financial organisations such as turf accountants; sells tickets in theatre and cinema box offices, sports stadiums etc.; performs duties as cashier in schools, local government and other public sector organisations, legal and insurance services; administers grants and student loans in educational institutions; carries out clerical tasks in stockbroking companies, banking and credit card companies.

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Estimated Pay

Information on weekly pay (average, median and decile) is taken from a combination of two sources: the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE); and the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (both conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS)). ASHE is widely regarded as the most reliable source of information on Pay and Hours, however it does not include information on pay by qualification as well as some other characteristics (such as self-employment).

Unemployment Data

The level and rate of UK unemployment for this career path measured by the Labour Force Survey (LFS) as a percentage, using the International Labour Organisation's definition of unemployment.

Projected Employment Levels

Estimated Hours

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